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The Medici Chapels (''Cappelle medicee'') are two structures at the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence, Italy, dating from the 16th and 17th centuries, and built as extensions to Brunelleschi's 15th-century church, with the purpose of celebrating the Medici family, patrons of the church and Grand Dukes of Tuscany. The ''Sagrestia Nuova'', ("New Sacristy"), was designed by Michelangelo. The larger ''Cappella dei Principi'', ("Chapel of the Princes"), though proposed in the 16th century, was not begun until the early 17th century, its design being a collaboration between the family and architects. ==The ''Sagrestia Nuova''== The ''Sagrestia Nuova''〔Charles de Tolnay, ''Michelangelo'', vol. III "The Medici Chapel" (Princeton, 1948); James S. Ackerman, ''The Architecture of Michelangelo''〕 was intended by Cardinal Giulio de' Medici and his cousin Pope Leo X as a mausoleum or mortuary chapel for members of the Medici family. It balances Brunelleschi's ''Sagrestia Vecchia'', the "Old Sacristy" nestled between the left transept of San Lorenzo, with which it consciously competes, and shares its format of a cubical space surmounted by a dome, of gray ''pietra serena'' and whitewashed walls. It was the first essay in architecture (1521–24) of Michelangelo, who also designed its monuments dedicated to certain members of the Medici family, with sculptural figures of the four times of day〔Michelangelo left no note of his "allegories" as he called them; the identification as ''Night'' and ''Day'', ''Dawn'' and ''Dusk'' was first offered by Benedetto Varchi, 1549〕 that were destined to influence sculptural figures reclining on architraves for many generations to come. The ''Sagrestia Nuova'' was entered by a discreet entrance in a corner of San Lorenzo's right transept, now closed.〔Modern entrance, which requires a ticket, is through the ''Cappella dei Principi''.〕 Though it was vaulted over by 1524, the ambitious projects of its sculpture and the intervention of events, such as the temporary exile of the Medici (1527), the death of Giulio, now Pope Clement VII and the permanent departure of Michelangelo for Rome in 1534, meant that Michelangelo never finished it. Though most of the statues had been carved by the time of Michelangelo's departure, they had not been put in place, being left in disarray across the chapel, and later installed by Niccolò Tribolo in 1545. By order of Cosimo I, Giorgio Vasari and Bartolomeo Ammannati finished the work by 1555.〔Antonio Paolucci. ''The Museum of the Medici Chapels and the Church of San Lorenzo''. Sillabe Publishing 1999.〕 There were intended to be four Medici tombs, but those of Lorenzo the Magnificent and his brother Giuliano (modestly buried beneath the altar at the entrance wall) were never begun. The result is that the two magnificent existing tombs are those of comparatively insignificant Medici: Lorenzo di Piero, Duke of Urbino and Giuliano di Lorenzo, Duke of Nemours. Their architectural components are similar; their sculptures offer contrast. On an unfinished wall, Michelangelo's ''Madonna and Child'' flanked by the Medici patron saints Cosmas and Damian,〔The doctor-saints (''medici'') hold their doctor's boxes of salves and nostrums.〕 executed by Giovanni Angelo Montorsoli and Raffaello da Montelupo respectively, to Michelangelo's models, are set over their plain rectangular tomb. A concealed corridor with drawings on the walls by Michelangelo was discovered under the New Sacristy in 1976.〔 (Peter Barenboim, Sergey Shiyan, ''Michelangelo: Mysteries of Medici Chapel'', SLOVO, Moscow, 2006 ). ISBN 5-85050-825-2〕〔(Peter Barenboim, "Michelangelo Drawings – Key to the Medici Chapel Interpretation", Moscow, Letny Sad, 2006 ), ISBN 5-98856-016-4〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Medici Chapel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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